Communication And Globalization

Communication means the process through which people can express their inner feelings by using different medium. Let's turn into the history at that time also people used to talk not in a word like todays. The mode of human communication has been changing with the changes in human society by including the development of technology.

Initially people started to talk with themselves which consists thoughts, emotions and feelings. Then it change into interpersonal communication. The thoughts, feelings or emotions which are processed in the brain must be expressed to another person. So, it is the communication between two persons physically located in the same place. It may also occur if they are physically separated too. The development form of interpersonal communication is group communication where groups came in many sizes and are organized in a great variety of ways. The larger the group the less personal and intimate possibility of sharing. Group group form inorder to be organizational communication. It has more participants as compared to group setting which creates more complexies too. To get over those complexies mass communication come. Though initally it is taken in a negative way. But today it transmits or delivers the message to huge mass at a time by using various mass media.

Communication and Globalization are inseparable with each other as they have close relationship. Here, Globalization means 'the name that is often used to designate the power relations, practies and technologies that characterize and have helped bring into being, the contemporory world.The person who has termed or coined the word as a 'GLOBALIZATION' is Marshal McLuhan. According to him, he has viewed mass media as the extension of human body. That has an implied meaning i.e. media donot bring the world to us but rather permit us to experience the world with a scope and depth. Just like a clothes are extension of our skin.

Today we are very familier with the word 'Globalization'.Today it occuies huge area where there is no any limitation. As a result it makes the world as a small village. When we talked about globalization the first thing that come in our mind is the use of modern effective technology. It is only because of globalization that people are not stick within their cultures only rather they prepare globalized cultures as it is being the part of human life.

According to the society's point of view they think we have reached in 'GLOBAL COMMUNITY' or global society. But from the perspective of communication's we are reached in 'MASS COMMUNICATION OF GLOBAL SCALE'. In a same way from media's point of view' it is the journey from local to global media'.

It isnot easy to come from ancient time to todays' modern Age. There are various difficulties on the way of development. Though technology helps to come over time and space. Ir is the globalization which has made possible to establish human structure. It has affected media and viceversa. At present the communication is from local to international. Various agenda are setting by media. Our knowledge is mediater. Our reality is known by media. It is a factor which brings people closer not only physically but also emotionally.There is a famous saying that' Think Globally, act locally'. Globalization always encourage people to think globally it has no any limitation. It is the process that fitfully brings various elements of world society together.It integrates and democratize the world's cultures, economy and infrastructure through transnational investment rapid proliferation of communication and information technologies and the impacts of free-market forces on local, regiona; and national economies.

In a nutshell, communication and globalization are inter related with each other. It may have negative aspects along with positive aspects too. But we have to see the positive aspects rather than negative as it is the multi- dimensional process.

(photo : http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0507/images/cgcs_berkheiser.gif )

Literary figure- HARIMANJUSHREE

Many people have born tallent some gain in course of time. ManjuShree is one of precious star in the field of literature. ManjuShree was born with born tallent though his economical condition was not good. He was born in Bhojpur but he has contributed in Kavre. He is loyal in his profession so he has to suffer most of the time. He is able to earn name but not money. Saying that the home where he is living now is built by his friends. From this reality we can guess how loyal and clean his character is.
In the occasion of New year2066 Red cross has launched a solo book exibition where Dr.Sureshraj Sharma vice chancellor of Kathmandu University, was the chief guest.Due to his busyness he was unable to give full time. ManjuShree is good in Grammar.He has worked as a journalist too. Reader can find simple and effectiveness word in his literature. His works can't be return by the price and prize though he has got several honour like 'Kulchandra Khorila Smriti Pratisthan', 'Roshi literature patra', 'saptahik madhammarga sadhana samman', 'Sunkoshi shahetyea pratisthan samman patra', 'Muktimarga darshan puruskar' e.t.c. He has contributed an important role in the field of literature. He becomes the idol of many people who wants to involve their life in literature.
At last but not least love and respect the work done by ai individual then you will get respect by other. Money is not everything all the time. Continuity and strong determination must be there to accomplish goal is the lesson I learn from his lifr

Madan Pustakalaya

Madan Pustakalaya was established in 1976 B.S. It is the liliable abd historical library used to get historical information. We can get records related with Nepali news media too. It was established inorder to presserve all types of books materials. It is their duty to presserve those important materials. So, they are using microfilm and digital technology. According to Sagan subedi and Deepak Aryal, Madan Pustakalaya consist 26 thousand 8 hundred 54 books with the collection of Five thousand one hundred twenty-five Newspaper. Effimera(a kind of collection) with Seven Hundred audio, video.
Likewise,Nepal's first published book in 1821 can be seen here. According to this Pustakalaya, initally One Hundred Twenty-Two years, Three Thousand, Eight hundred books materials were published. among them Janga Bahadur's "Jangi Yen Da Holi Bible" was the oldest book published in 1821.
Thus, this pustakalaya carry an historical importance. It is only their duy to preserve it is ours too.

Position of Nepali film industry

1. From the beginning,Nepalese movie industry has been facing serious competition fromIndian movie industry.In comparison with Bollywood in terms of quality,quantity,technical equipments and know-hows,Nepalese movie industry is Goliath.Every time,it is fighting against a DAVID named 'Bollywood'.The outcome is,Nepalese movie makers end up imitating Bollywood movies.


2. According to Uddhav Poudel,producers,Nepali movie market demands 150 movies per year.Five years earlier,the condition of film industry was quite well.It produced 55 movies per year.Now the number has taken a nose dive between 12 and 15.


3. ilmmaking started in Nepal around 1962. The state made three propaganda films between 1964 and 1971 and later formed Royal Nepal Film Corporation (RNFC) in 1974. RNFC made some films, developed some infrastructures and manpower. Even though some of the films made by RNFC became hits, it could not do much to develop the sector.
   

   One film Maitighar was made as early as around 1966. But no other followed it. It took about 16 years for the private sector to come up with another film -- Juni. Unfortunately this proved a failure. Filmmaking was still a risky business and the government regulated it quite strictly.

   
   

   In the 1970s, the government introduced a tax rebate policy. According to it, 50 percent (which was later increased to 65 percent) of entertainment tax would be rebated to the producers. This proved to be a major booster. Investment in film became a little more secure. Also, after 1980s, some relatively more creative films were made and they became successful too. Thus, filmmaking started to appear a little more viable profession and the number of productions increased a bit.

   
   

   In 1990, the country witnessed an important political change. The people's movement brought the autocratic monarchy to its knees and democracy was restored. The society started to become open and vibrant. This had an important consequence for the fledgling film industry: it began to grow rapidly, or even to 'bloat', if one might call it so. There was an unprecedented growth in number of productions. Within a period of three years, some 140 films were made. Distribution started to develop. Market share in the existing market increased and the market itself expanded. Cinema halls increased to more than 300. Nepali filmmakers became optimistic of displacing Hindi films--which dominated and continue to dominate Nepali market.

   
   

   But, towards the end of 1990s, Nepali films began to fare badly. Gradually, the film industry began to experience a very hard time, though productions did not cease altogether.

   
   

   The major reasons for this were that the quantity of films outdid the capacity of the market and also most of the films lacked quality. Also, quite importantly, the violent war, started by the Maoists rebels in 1998, began to crumple the economy and deteriorate the security situation. Most of the cinema halls outside the urban centers had to be closed. The situation worsened after the king took over in 2005.

   
   

   During the 90s, some filmmakers, mostly with non-fiction base, started championing for a new kind of cinema. They denounced the crude imitation of Bollywood esthetics and demanded indigenous esthetics and a more realistic approach. They made some films, which have received some critical acclaim at home and some international recognition.

   
   

   The people's movement - 2 in April 2006, ousted the autocratic monarch for the second and, in all probability, for the last time. Democracy has been restored and the rebels have agreed to join the government and resolve the conflict peacefully.

   
   

   This new political development has stirred Nepali film industry. There is a new hope and optimism. Also lately, there has been a common realization in the industry that the quality of the films needs to be bettered and that Nepali Cinema requires international exposure.

Radio Nepal( memoriable moment)

I have seen many dreams which comes true and which remains in my dreams only. Among them to visit Sigh Durbar was my childhood dream. I used to ask my mother to led me inside. I grew up mwith a hope that oneday I definitely get a chance to visit. In my college days I requested my teacher at least to visit Radio Nepal but due to the lack of time I missed it. Still I have a hope as my field is linked with it. Tuesday Nirmala sir told that tomorrow be ready for the field visit in Radio Nepal I was very happy and eagerly waiting for tomorrow. Wednesday I wake up early and told my friends to get ready quickly. Around 11o'clock we moved from KU in a college bus. Finally when we reached I felt a kind of satisfaction.

At first we were taken to Music studio. All were very excited when we saw musical instrument. Some were now busy to play the instrument and some to take photograph. "Music" is the topic for my assignment so I was taking an information from Tika Vandari. Our Ramchandra is also interested in music. Then we moved to Production studio1. Everyone were eagered to host the programe . Nabila and second year sister run a small and interesting program too. In the library we got a chance to meet a popular singer Meera Rana. Even there we wanted photograph and autograph with her no one wanted to missed an oppurnity. All the movies are keept savely.the most interesting thing for me was Rj running a programe. He has his own room no one is there and running with cheerful smile. While I was seeing the programe I was imaging myshelf. Now, I want to work in radio by being Rj. We were taken to an observation room too.
Radio Nepal was established on 1st April 1951. Initially, the transmission covered duration of 4 hours and 30 minutes through a 250 Watt SW transmitter. Over the years, Radio Nepal has strengthened its institutional capacity considerably and diversified itself in terms of programme format, technical efficiency and coverage. Radio Nepal airs programmes on Short Wave, Medium Wave and FM frequencies.
Radio broadcasting is the cheapest and quickest means of mass communications in Nepal. In a mountainous country like Nepal, radio broadcasting has proved to be a very effective medium for disseminating information, educating people and entertaining the masses. Radio Nepal recognizes that its primary obligation is to serve its listeners. It has been providing various programs aimed at creating mass awareness in its attempt to reflect the views of all sections of the society. The people in the hilly areas and many of the remote villages have little or no access to motorable roads nor to any communication and entertainment facilities. Illiteracy being a common feature among the people, little use is made of the newspapers, which have very limited and delayed circulation. Therefore, Radio has been the most suitable means of disseminating information and providing entertainment to masses in Nepal.
Thus, I get a chance to visit Radio Nepal but Sigh Durbar I can see only. No matter in future I will get a chance too.

Wall Climbing

dynamiteIt was early morning I was sleeping and I got call from my brother. He said "hey are you still sleeping? be ready for wall climbing". I was very happy. Last time on April I wanted to go for it but I could not. This time I got chance to go. So, I woke up in a hurry and went for wall climbing on Pashang Lahmu. I was very excited to climb. When I saw the place where I had to climb I was very nervous. I saw so many people who were already there and climbing it made my heart skip a beat and I almost decided to give up. But my brothers encouraged me at least I should try and can have good experience. I took long breath and was ready to climb. Slowly I wore my shoes which was comfortable. First I tried in the easy one, I did it, that added my confidence. Then I was ready to climb in 9th and 10th. But I thought still I wasnot ready to climb. Marina, who had also tried it for 3 times though she was failed. My elder brother and junoir both accomlished just in first attempt. Now, there was no option for me. So, I stand and and be ready to climb. I was climbing fastly so my brother said don't do in hurry,firstly decide where you are going to keep your legs and hand? By following him I was climbing and I almost did it too but because of my nail it was giving problem. Not only that but I was so tired I was unable to hold on the wall I leave my hand from the wall and declared that I couldnot do it any more but my brother wished I can do don't be hopeless if you couldnot do in first attempt it will be difficult in next attempt. I thought it was true as Marina also accepted if she had tried in her first attempt she can reached at the top. By taking rest on the wall for few minute I was climbing. At last i did it. I was so happy that I can' express. When I reached at the top I glanced from there where I could saw everything tiny. I love bulging jumping too so my brother said leave the rope and feel like it. When i was doing rest I feel very proud and thought I was so happy when I climbed wall then the person who climbed MountEverest obviously feel proud. With tiredness I returned with my brothers.

It was yesterday 9th May when I climbed wall for the first time. I got chance to have a good experience. I told my friends to go too. Life must be full of adventures. We Nepalese are different from foreigners couldnot manage time for adventures. But we can go for wall climbing like tourists ultimately it helps in economic sector too.

ChanguNarayan

ChanguNarayan is situated in Bhaktapur district, 4.8km from the headquater and 21km from Kathmandu. There is a story related with Changunarayan. Many years ago there was a brahmin and Gopal. Gopal had to take the milk for brahmin everyday. Time and again brahmin was unable to brought the milk for brahmin because all the milk was drank by a small little boy. Oneday he want to brahmin's home with empty hand and told all the story.After hearing the story the brahmin hid behind the tree and saw a little black boy came and drank all the milk from the cow. After that he killed that boy. As soon as he killled him blood came from the tree and he saw the lord Bishnu. When he saw lord Bishnu he was very scared but lord Bishnu said no need to worry because many years ago that brahmin's father was killed by his hand now he was freed from the sin. According to him now the dynasty of that brahmin would have to worship everyday even though if any family members die.

At present, Chackra Dharananda Rajopadhya is handling it .This impressive double roofed temple is said to be the most ancient Vishnu temple in the Kathmandu Valley. The original temple was built around the 4th century. The present pagoda-style temple was rebuilt in 1702 after it was destroyed by fire. It is located in a beautiful peaceful location, 4km north of Bhaktapur, on a hill top in the east side of the Valley. From the temple there are good views of the valley in three directions. The original 5th century stone deity of Lord Vishnu is said to be in the sanctum, but only the priest can see the deity.
The temple can easily be reached by taxi or bus, or it is an interesting walk from Bhaktapur or Nagarkot.

The temple is dedicated to Narayan, who is an incarnation (expansion) of Lord Vishnu. It has many old outstanding stone, wood, and metal carvings dating from the Lichhavai period. On the intricately carved painted roof struts of the temple are intricate carvings of the ten incarnations of Vishnu and goddesses.

A life size 5th century statue of Garuda, the carrier of Lord Vishnu kneels with his hands folded before the temple. Besides Garuda is one of the oldest Licchavi stone inscriptions. In front of the temple here is a statue of kneeling King Bhupatindra Malla and his queen.

There is a sixth century stone statue of Vishnu Viswarup, the universal form of Lord Vishnu that Lord Krishna showed Arjuna while speaking the Bhagavad Gita. On the Lakshmi Narayan Temple there is an 8th century statue of six-armed Trivikratha (Lord Vamana), and next to it is a statue of Lord Narasimha, the man-lion incarnation of Lord Vishnu. Behind the last two statues is a little black slab that has an image of Narayan lying on the traditional serpent Ananta and above it Lord Vishnu with 10 arms and heads. In the northwest corner of the courtyard is a sculpture of Lord Vishnu riding on Garuda, which is on the Rs 10 Nepali banknote. Above the main door is Lord Vishnu holding his four symbols.

The beautifully gilded door is guarded by stone lions of it and has intricate gilded windows on either side. On four pillars in the four corners are the symbols representing Lord Vishnu: the chakra (disc) and conch shell, the lotus (padma), and club (gada).